About Creativity

The Creative Process

MrAristotle

• Metaphysics

Joseph Wallas (1926)

• Preparation
• Incubation
• Illumination
• Verification

Joseph Rossman (1931)

• Observation of a need or difficulty
• Analysis of a need
• A survey of all available information
• A formulation of all objective solutions
• A critical analysis of these solutions
• The birth of the new idea - the invention
• Experimentation to test out the most promising solution

Osborn (1953)

• Orientation: pointing up the problem
• Preparation: gathering pertinent data
• Analysis: breaking down the relevant material
• Ideation: piling up alternative by way of ideas
• Incubation: "letting up" - to invite illumination
• Synthesis: putting the pieces together
• Evaluation: judging the resulting ideas

Taylor (1959)

Wallas's four stages + five levels:

• Expressive creativity
• Productive creativity
• Inventive creativity
• Innovative creativity
• Emergent creativity

Morris Stein (1967, 1974)

Three stages:

• Hypothesis formulation
• Hypothesis testing
• Communication of results

Guilford (1950, 1957, 1959)

• Divergent Thinking

Koestler (1964)

• Bisociation

Sources: Arieti (1976)

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WEB Sites

The Creative Advantage Newsletter - http://www.demon.co.uk/advantage/create/index.htm

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Bibliography

Arieti (1976: Silvano Arieti, Creativity - the Magic Synthesis, Basic Books, Inc. Publishers, New York, ISBN 0-01444-5, 1976

Barron (1997): Frank Barron et al. (Ed.), Creators on Creating - Awakening and Cultivating the Imaginative Mind, ISBN 0-87477-854-9, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1997

J.Daniel Couger (1996): Creativity and innovation in information systems organizations; Boyd&Fraser Publishing Company; ISBN 0-7895-0109-0

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (1996): Creativity - flow and the psychology of Discovery and Invention, HarperCollins Publishers, ISBN 0-06-092820-4, 1996

Subrata Dasgupta (1996): Technology and Creativity; Oxford University Press; iSBN 0-19-509688-6, 1996

Ghislein (1952): Ed. Brewster Ghiselin, The Creative Process, Mentor, 1952.

Harmon (1984): Willis Harmon and Howard Rheingold, Higher Creativity - Liberating the Unconscious for Breaktthrough Insights, Tarcher, St. Martins Press, New York, ISBN 0-87477-293-1, 1984.

Henry (1991): Ed. Jane Henry, Creative Management, SAGE Publications, ISBN 0-8039-8490-1, 1991.

Jill Morris (1992): Creative Breakthroughs: Tap the Power of Your Unconscious Mind, Warner Books, ISBN 0-446-39217-0, 1992.

Paul E. Plesk (1997): Creativity, Innovation and Quality, ASQC Quality Press, ISB 0-87389-404-9